Reading
about meaning has been discussing many long time ago, even since Plato era, The
Greek. And finally many modern theories about it are emergent. In that field
there is hermeneutic expert, E.D. Hirch, with his greatest works Validity Interpretation (1967). In his
book, Hirch has explained that meaning of the works is identical with what the
writer intended to say, when the work written.
In
the other side, for Hirch not only just
one interpretation for one works but also more than one interpretation which
could be different one another, but in this case he restricts that all of those meaning must
be in the system of expression and typical possibility which used by writer
interpretation. In short for Hirch, meaning is something that intended by the
writer/ author (Author properties).
Because
of differences of time and social condition, problem is appeared. In the way of
making meaning process.
Different
from Hirch, the development in German known as aesthetic reception/ reception
theory. Different from his pioneer, this theory take part in the role of
readers in literary studies. Base on reception theory, meanings are dynamic.
There is movement and process of making something blossom out as long as time.
Wolfgang
Iser in his book The Act of Reading
(1978) states that literary works is a shape of codes and to make a meaning
should be based on those codes and for Hirch those codes are the Author
properties that could not be stolen and for Iser if there is appropriateness
codes which is perfect in interpretation so for the result a literary works is
doesn’t mean anything. The most effective literary works for him is a work
which can force the reader to the consciousness of new critic. In this kind of
theory explains that there is no ideal literary works with out reader.
All
of those theories above are reflected in human being side. Because, there is no
literary theories which is especially created for a works, all of literary
theories is the result of deep thinking process.
Its
need to us that to be dynamic person, it’s should be. We need to be aware with
the condition around us. Why we have to be dynamic? Because we have specific
time, condition and background of life that make us different from one another.
In life we have so many lifestyles; each person has his own type of mobile
phone, motor cycle and so many others. So we need to be adaptive with this kind
of condition.
And
literary works is like a life. Like puzzle that has to be arranged. And of
course to arrange it we need special codes, and if we have known about those
codes, literary works or even life means nothing, like Iser opinion. The
interesting point of exploring literary works is the process to finding the
truth. If we have already known the result it doesn’t mean anything.
And the last but not least that what so
extreme we try to be dynamic in the interpretation, the perfect meaning is
depend on what the writer/ author intended. Although we have may
interpretation, it should be in the system of expression and typical possibility
which used by writer interpretation. What the writer wants to say by published
his work.
Ones
more that there is no right or wrong to interpret a work. We just try to find
the evidence to support our opinion. And we can find the evidence in the
process of thinking. Thinking about the truth.